diff --git a/backend/pyproject.toml b/backend/pyproject.toml
index 0d967c46..b6a3e9c2 100644
--- a/backend/pyproject.toml
+++ b/backend/pyproject.toml
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ include = ["src*"]
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
 pythonpath = ["."]
 asyncio_mode = "auto"
+testpaths = ["tests", "src/plugins"]
 markers = [
     "integration: Integration tests requiring external services (Docker, Testcontainers, Superset). Use --run-integration to enable.",
 ]
diff --git a/backend/src/plugins/translate/__tests__/test_batch_classify_persist.py b/backend/src/plugins/translate/__tests__/test_batch_classify_persist.py
index 470ac882..192ce6f2 100644
--- a/backend/src/plugins/translate/__tests__/test_batch_classify_persist.py
+++ b/backend/src/plugins/translate/__tests__/test_batch_classify_persist.py
@@ -123,11 +123,11 @@ class TestClassify:
         assert len(pre_rows) == 1
 
     def test_cache_partial_targets_llm_rows(self):
-        """Cache has only 'ru', but targets are [ru, en] → goes to LLM."""
+        """Cache has only 'en', targets [en, fr, zh], detected 'ru' → missing fr/zh → LLM."""
         svc = _make_service()
-        rows = [_make_row(detected_lang="en",
-                          cached_lang_values={"ru": "текст"})]
-        tls = _make_tls(["ru", "en"])
+        rows = [_make_row(detected_lang="ru",
+                          cached_lang_values={"en": "translated"})]
+        tls = _make_tls(["en", "fr", "zh"])
 
         llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
 
@@ -206,6 +206,194 @@ class TestClassify:
         assert len(llm_rows) == 1
 
 
+# ── Cache Source-Language Exclusion Tests ───────────────────────────
+# Verifies the fix: tls may include the source language (e.g.
+# ["ru","en","fr","zh"]) but cache only contains translations
+# (en/fr/zh). _classify now filters detected source language from
+# cache-completeness check.
+
+
+# #region TestClassifyCacheSourceLang [C:3] [TYPE Class] [SEMANTICS test,classify,cache,source-lang,exclusion]
+# @BRIEF Verifies _classify correctly excludes detected source language
+#         from cache-completeness check, preventing false-negative
+#         routing to LLM when tls includes the source language.
+class TestClassifyCacheSourceLang:
+    """Tests for the non-source-tls filter in _classify()."""
+
+    # #region test_source_lang_in_tls_cache_all_translations [C:3] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF Source lang in tls, cache has ALL translations → pre_rows.
+    # @RATIONALE This is the exact production bug scenario: detected_lang="ru",
+    #            tls=["ru","en","fr","zh"], cache={"en":...,"fr":...,"zh":...}.
+    #            Old code: all(lc in cl for lc in tls) → "ru" not in cl → False → LLM.
+    #            New code: non_source_tls=["en","fr","zh"] → all present → pre_rows.
+    def test_source_lang_in_tls_cache_all_translations(self):
+        svc = _make_service()
+        rows = [_make_row(
+            detected_lang="ru",
+            cached_lang_values={"en": "Hello", "fr": "Bonjour", "zh": "你好"},
+        )]
+        tls = _make_tls(["ru", "en", "fr", "zh"])
+
+        llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
+
+        assert len(llm_rows) == 0, (
+            f"Expected 0 llm_rows (all cached), got {len(llm_rows)}"
+        )
+        assert len(pre_rows) == 1
+        assert rows[0].get("_same_language") is True  # ru in tls_lower
+    # #endregion test_source_lang_in_tls_cache_all_translations
+
+    # #region test_source_lang_in_tls_cache_missing_one_translation [C:3] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF Source lang in tls, cache MISSING one non-source lang → LLM.
+    def test_source_lang_in_tls_cache_missing_one_translation(self):
+        svc = _make_service()
+        rows = [_make_row(
+            detected_lang="ru",
+            cached_lang_values={"en": "Hello", "fr": "Bonjour"},  # zh missing
+        )]
+        tls = _make_tls(["ru", "en", "fr", "zh"])
+
+        llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
+
+        assert len(llm_rows) == 1, (
+            f"Expected 1 llm_row (zh not cached), got {len(llm_rows)}"
+        )
+        assert len(pre_rows) == 0
+    # #endregion test_source_lang_in_tls_cache_missing_one_translation
+
+    # #region test_detected_und_tls_includes_und [C:2] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF Detected lang "und": excluded from cache check like any detected source.
+    #        Cache has ALL non-und langs → row goes to pre_rows.
+    def test_detected_und_tls_includes_und(self):
+        svc = _make_service()
+        rows = [_make_row(
+            detected_lang="und",
+            cached_lang_values={"en": "Hello", "fr": "Bonjour"},
+        )]
+        tls = _make_tls(["und", "en", "fr"])
+
+        llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
+
+        # non_source_tls = ["en","fr"] (und excluded)
+        # both present in cache → pre_rows (correct: und is just "unknown")
+        assert len(llm_rows) == 0, (
+            f"Expected 0 llm_rows (und excluded, en/fr in cache), got {len(llm_rows)}"
+        )
+        assert len(pre_rows) == 1
+    # #endregion test_detected_und_tls_includes_und
+
+    # #region test_empty_detected_lang_no_exclusion [C:2] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF Empty detected language → non_source_tls equals full tls.
+    def test_empty_detected_lang_no_exclusion(self):
+        svc = _make_service()
+        rows = [_make_row(
+            detected_lang="",
+            cached_lang_values={"en": "Hello", "ru": "Привет"},
+        )]
+        tls = _make_tls(["ru", "en"])
+
+        llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
+
+        # non_source_tls = ["ru","en"] (no filtering)
+        # all present in cache → pre_rows
+        assert len(llm_rows) == 0
+        assert len(pre_rows) == 1
+    # #endregion test_empty_detected_lang_no_exclusion
+
+    # #region test_source_lang_not_in_tls [C:2] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF Detected source language is NOT in tls — no filtering occurs but
+    #        cache completeness still checked against full tls.
+    def test_source_lang_not_in_tls(self):
+        svc = _make_service()
+        rows = [_make_row(
+            detected_lang="ru",  # ru not in target languages
+            cached_lang_values={"en": "Hello", "fr": "Bonjour", "zh": "你好"},
+        )]
+        tls = _make_tls(["en", "fr", "zh"])
+
+        llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
+
+        # non_source_tls = ["en","fr","zh"] (ru not in tls, so all remain)
+        # all present in cache → pre_rows
+        assert len(llm_rows) == 0
+        assert len(pre_rows) == 1
+    # #endregion test_source_lang_not_in_tls
+
+    # #region test_multi_row_mixed_source_lang_cache [C:3] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF Multiple rows with different detected languages and cache states.
+    def test_multi_row_mixed_source_lang_cache(self):
+        svc = _make_service()
+        rows = [
+            # Row 0: ru source, full cache → pre
+            _make_row(detected_lang="ru",
+                      cached_lang_values={"en": "Hello", "fr": "Bonjour", "zh": "你好"}),
+            # Row 1: fr source, partial cache → LLM (zh missing)
+            _make_row(detected_lang="fr",
+                      cached_lang_values={"en": "Hello"}),
+            # Row 2: no cache, ru source → LLM
+            _make_row(detected_lang="ru", cached_lang_values=None),
+            # Row 3: en source (not in tls), full cache → pre
+            _make_row(detected_lang="en",
+                      cached_lang_values={"ru": "привет", "fr": "Bonjour", "zh": "你好"}),
+        ]
+        # Give each row a unique index for verification
+        for i, row in enumerate(rows):
+            row["row_index"] = str(i)
+
+        tls = _make_tls(["ru", "en", "fr", "zh"])
+
+        llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
+
+        assert len(pre_rows) == 2, (
+            f"Expected 2 pre_rows (rows 0 and 3), got {len(pre_rows)}"
+        )
+        assert len(llm_rows) == 2, (
+            f"Expected 2 llm_rows (rows 1 and 2), got {len(llm_rows)}"
+        )
+
+        # Verify specific rows
+        pre_indices = [r.get("row_index") for r in pre_rows]
+        assert "0" in pre_indices, "Row 0 should be in pre_rows (full cache)"
+        assert "3" in pre_indices, "Row 3 should be in pre_rows (full cache)"
+
+        llm_indices = [r.get("row_index") for r in llm_rows]
+        assert "1" in llm_indices, "Row 1 should be in llm_rows (partial cache)"
+        assert "2" in llm_indices, "Row 2 should be in llm_rows (no cache)"
+    # #endregion test_multi_row_mixed_source_lang_cache
+
+    # #region test_all_same_lang_short_circuit_with_source_in_tls [C:2] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF Single target language matching detected source → short-circuit to pre.
+    def test_all_same_lang_short_circuit_with_source_in_tls(self):
+        svc = _make_service()
+        rows = [_make_row(detected_lang="ru", cached_lang_values=None)]
+        tls = _make_tls(["ru"])  # only ru, which matches detected
+
+        llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
+
+        assert len(llm_rows) == 0
+        assert len(pre_rows) == 1
+        assert rows[0].get("_same_language") is True
+    # #endregion test_all_same_lang_short_circuit_with_source_in_tls
+
+    # #region test_case_insensitive_detected_lang_matching [C:2] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF Detected language "RU" vs tls "ru" — case-insensitive exclusion.
+    def test_case_insensitive_detected_lang_matching(self):
+        svc = _make_service()
+        rows = [_make_row(
+            detected_lang="RU",  # uppercase
+            cached_lang_values={"en": "Hello", "fr": "Bonjour"},
+        )]
+        tls = _make_tls(["ru", "en", "fr"])
+
+        llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
+
+        # non_source_tls should exclude "ru" (case-insensitive match with "RU")
+        # remaining ["en","fr"] present in cache → pre_rows
+        assert len(llm_rows) == 0
+        assert len(pre_rows) == 1
+    # #endregion test_case_insensitive_detected_lang_matching
+
+
 # ── _persist_pre() Tests ───────────────────────────────────────────
 
 
@@ -436,4 +624,185 @@ class TestCacheHitLogging:
     # #endregion test_cache_hit_zero_no_log
 
 
+# ── E2E Batch Pipeline Integration Tests ───────────────────────────
+# Full pipeline: _check_cache → _classify → _persist_pre with
+# production-like data shapes. Verifies warm cache skips LLM entirely.
+
+
+# #region TestBatchPipelineE2E [C:4] [TYPE Class] [SEMANTICS test,integration,pipeline,cache,e2e]
+# @BRIEF End-to-end batch processing pipeline: cache lookup → classify
+#         → persist. Verifies that warm-cache batches require ZERO LLM calls.
+class TestBatchPipelineE2E:
+    """Integration tests for the full batch processing pipeline."""
+
+    # #region test_warm_cache_full_pipeline_no_llm [C:4] [TYPE Function] [SEMANTICS test,integration,cache,warm,e2e]
+    # @BRIEF Production scenario: source lang in tls, warm cache covers all
+    #         non-source targets → entire batch should go to pre_rows (0 LLM).
+    # @RATIONALE This is the exact scenario from production logs where
+    #            cache_hits=14-17 but pre=0. The fix should make pre=17, llm=0.
+    def test_warm_cache_full_pipeline_no_llm(self):
+        """Full pipeline: all rows cached, source lang in tls → 0 LLM rows."""
+        from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock
+
+        svc = _make_service()
+        job = MagicMock(spec=TranslationJob)
+        job.context_columns = None
+
+        # 17 rows — production batch size
+        rows = []
+        for i in range(17):
+            row = _make_row(
+                detected_lang="ru",
+                source_text=f"Source text {i}",
+                cached_lang_values={"en": f"English {i}", "fr": f"Francais {i}", "zh": f"Chinese {i}"},
+                source_data={"id": str(i)},
+            )
+            row.pop("_source_hash", None)  # let _check_cache compute it
+            row["row_index"] = str(i)
+            rows.append(row)
+
+        tls = ["ru", "en", "fr", "zh"]  # ru=source, others=targets
+
+        # Step 1: _check_cache — all should be found
+        with patch("src.plugins.translate._batch_proc._check_translation_cache",
+                   return_value={"en": "yes", "fr": "oui", "zh": "是"}):
+            svc._check_cache(job, rows, "dict_hash", "cfg_hash")
+
+        # Verify all rows have _cached_lang_values set
+        for row in rows:
+            assert row.get("_cached_lang_values") is not None, (
+                f"Row {row['row_index']} missing cached values"
+            )
+
+        # Step 2: _classify — all should go to pre_rows
+        llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
+
+        assert len(llm_rows) == 0, (
+            f"Expected 0 llm_rows (all cached), got {len(llm_rows)}"
+        )
+        assert len(pre_rows) == 17, (
+            f"Expected 17 pre_rows, got {len(pre_rows)}"
+        )
+
+        # Step 3: _persist_pre — should create all records
+        bid = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        rid = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        count = svc._persist_pre(pre_rows, bid, rid, tls)
+
+        assert count == 17
+        # 1 TranslationRecord + 3 TranslationLanguage per row = 4 DB adds per row
+        # 17 * 4 = 68 DB operations
+        expected_db_calls = 17 * (1 + len([t for t in tls if str(t).lower() != "ru"]))
+        # Actually _persist_pre creates TranslationLanguage for each target: ru→source_text, en/fr/zh→cached
+        assert svc.db.add.call_count >= 17, (
+            f"Expected at least 17 TranslationRecords, got {svc.db.add.call_count} calls"
+        )
+    # #endregion test_warm_cache_full_pipeline_no_llm
+
+    # #region test_cold_cache_pipeline_all_llm [C:3] [TYPE Function] [SEMANTICS test,integration,cold-cache,llm,e2e]
+    # @BRIEF Cold cache (no hits) → ALL rows go to llm_rows.
+    def test_cold_cache_pipeline_all_llm(self):
+        """Full pipeline: no cache hits → all rows to LLM."""
+        from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock
+
+        svc = _make_service()
+        job = MagicMock(spec=TranslationJob)
+        job.context_columns = None
+
+        rows = []
+        for i in range(5):
+            row = _make_row(
+                detected_lang="ru",
+                source_text=f"Untranslated text {i}",
+                cached_lang_values=None,
+                source_data={"id": str(i)},
+            )
+            row.pop("_source_hash", None)
+            row["row_index"] = str(i)
+            rows.append(row)
+
+        tls = ["ru", "en", "fr", "zh"]
+
+        # _check_cache — nothing found
+        with patch("src.plugins.translate._batch_proc._check_translation_cache",
+                   return_value=None):
+            svc._check_cache(job, rows, "dict_hash", "cfg_hash")
+
+        for row in rows:
+            assert row.get("_cached_lang_values") is None
+
+        # _classify — all to LLM
+        llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
+
+        assert len(llm_rows) == 5, f"Expected 5 llm_rows, got {len(llm_rows)}"
+        # ru-ru same-language rows might go to pre if all targets match source
+        # With tls=["ru","en","fr","zh"], only ru isn't all targets → partial match
+        # But _same_language=True is set, and since not all targets match ru,
+        # the usual flow continues to cache check (which has None) → LLM
+        assert len(pre_rows) == 0, f"Expected 0 pre_rows, got {len(pre_rows)}"
+    # #endregion test_cold_cache_pipeline_all_llm
+
+    # #region test_partial_cache_pipeline_split [C:3] [TYPE Function] [SEMANTICS test,integration,partial-cache,split,e2e]
+    # @BRIEF Mixed: some rows cached, some not → correct split.
+    def test_partial_cache_pipeline_split(self):
+        """Half cached, half not → split into llm and pre."""
+        from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock
+
+        svc = _make_service()
+        job = MagicMock(spec=TranslationJob)
+        job.context_columns = None
+
+        rows = []
+        for i in range(10):
+            cached = i < 5  # first 5 cached
+            row = _make_row(
+                detected_lang="ru",
+                source_text=f"Text {i}",
+                cached_lang_values={"en": f"EN{i}", "fr": f"FR{i}", "zh": f"ZH{i}"} if cached else None,
+                source_data={"id": str(i)},
+            )
+            row.pop("_source_hash", None)
+            row["row_index"] = str(i)
+            rows.append(row)
+
+        tls = ["ru", "en", "fr", "zh"]
+
+        # _check_cache — find first 5
+        cache_call_count = [0]
+
+        def mock_check_cache(db, h):
+            cache_call_count[0] += 1
+            if cache_call_count[0] <= 5:
+                return {"en": "cached", "fr": "cached", "zh": "cached"}
+            return None
+
+        with patch("src.plugins.translate._batch_proc._check_translation_cache",
+                   side_effect=mock_check_cache):
+            svc._check_cache(job, rows, "dict_hash", "cfg_hash")
+
+        # First 5 have cache, last 5 don't
+        for i, row in enumerate(rows):
+            if i < 5:
+                assert row.get("_cached_lang_values") is not None, f"Row {i} missing cache"
+            else:
+                assert row.get("_cached_lang_values") is None, f"Row {i} should have no cache"
+
+        # _classify → correct split
+        llm_rows, pre_rows = svc._classify(rows, None, tls)
+
+        assert len(pre_rows) == 5, f"Expected 5 pre_rows, got {len(pre_rows)}"
+        assert len(llm_rows) == 5, f"Expected 5 llm_rows, got {len(llm_rows)}"
+
+        # Verify rows 0-4 in pre, 5-9 in llm
+        pre_indices = {r["row_index"] for r in pre_rows}
+        llm_indices = {r["row_index"] for r in llm_rows}
+        for i in range(5):
+            assert str(i) in pre_indices, f"Row {i} should be in pre_rows"
+        for i in range(5, 10):
+            assert str(i) in llm_indices, f"Row {i} should be in llm_rows"
+    # #endregion test_partial_cache_pipeline_split
+
+# #endregion TestBatchPipelineE2E
+
+
 # #endregion BatchClassifyPersistTests
diff --git a/backend/src/plugins/translate/__tests__/test_token_budget.py b/backend/src/plugins/translate/__tests__/test_token_budget.py
index 8d10ad26..60063db2 100644
--- a/backend/src/plugins/translate/__tests__/test_token_budget.py
+++ b/backend/src/plugins/translate/__tests__/test_token_budget.py
@@ -379,4 +379,87 @@ class TestOutputPerRow:
     # endregion test_output_per_row_lang_200_multi
 
 # endregion TestOutputPerRow
+
+
+# #region TestOutputSafetyFactor [C:3] [TYPE Class] [SEMANTICS test,token,budget,safety-factor,regression]
+# @BRIEF Regression tests for OUTPUT_SAFETY_FACTOR=0.55 — verifies it prevents
+#         finish_reason=length by being conservative (≤0.70) while not falling
+#         below the realistic minimum for qwen-flash 4-language batch sizing.
+# @RATIONALE The factor was lowered from 0.70→0.55 to be MORE conservative,
+#            reducing max_rows_by_output from an overoptimistic 36 to a realistic 17.
+#            The actual batch size was always ~17 due to INPUT budget constraints;
+#            this fix just made the output estimate match reality, preventing
+#            finish_reason=length truncation cascades.
+class TestOutputSafetyFactor:
+
+    # #region test_output_safety_factor_not_above_070 [C:3] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF OUTPUT_SAFETY_FACTOR must be ≤ 0.70 — the conservative guard.
+    # @RATIONALE Higher values (e.g. 0.75) would overestimate output capacity,
+    #            causing finish_reason=length and LLM retry cascades.
+    def test_output_safety_factor_not_above_070(self):
+        from src.plugins.translate._token_budget import OUTPUT_SAFETY_FACTOR
+        assert OUTPUT_SAFETY_FACTOR <= 0.70, (
+            f"OUTPUT_SAFETY_FACTOR={OUTPUT_SAFETY_FACTOR}, must be ≤ 0.70"
+        )
+        assert OUTPUT_SAFETY_FACTOR >= 0.40, (
+            f"OUTPUT_SAFETY_FACTOR={OUTPUT_SAFETY_FACTOR}, too conservative"
+        )
+    # #endregion test_output_safety_factor_not_above_070
+
+    # #region test_max_rows_by_output_qwen_flash_4langs [C:3] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF qwen-flash + 4 target languages: max_rows_by_output ≥ 14 and ≤ 24.
+    # @RATIONALE Production: input-budget limits batches to ~17 rows anyway.
+    #            Output budget estimate must be realistic (14-24 range).
+    def test_max_rows_by_output_qwen_flash_4langs(self):
+        from src.plugins.translate._token_budget import _compute_max_rows_by_output
+
+        max_rows = _compute_max_rows_by_output(
+            max_output_tokens=32768,  # qwen-flash
+            num_languages=4,
+        )
+
+        assert 14 <= max_rows <= 24, (
+            f"max_rows_by_output={max_rows}, expected 14-24 range."
+        )
+    # #endregion test_max_rows_by_output_qwen_flash_4langs
+
+    # #region test_output_safety_factor_consistent_with_per_row [C:2] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF max_rows_by_output is consistent with OUTPUT_PER_ROW_PER_LANG.
+    def test_output_safety_factor_consistent_with_per_row(self):
+        from src.plugins.translate._token_budget import (
+            _compute_max_rows_by_output,
+            OUTPUT_SAFETY_FACTOR,
+            OUTPUT_PER_ROW_PER_LANG,
+            REASONING_OVERHEAD,
+            MAX_OUTPUT_HEADROOM,
+            JSON_OVERHEAD_PER_ROW,
+        )
+
+        # Manual computation must match
+        max_tok = 32768
+        n_lang = 4
+        overhead = REASONING_OVERHEAD + MAX_OUTPUT_HEADROOM
+        per_row = n_lang * OUTPUT_PER_ROW_PER_LANG + JSON_OVERHEAD_PER_ROW
+        available = int((max_tok - overhead) * OUTPUT_SAFETY_FACTOR)
+        expected = max(available // per_row, 1)
+
+        actual = _compute_max_rows_by_output(max_tok, n_lang)
+        assert actual == expected, (
+            f"actual={actual} != expected={expected}"
+        )
+    # #endregion test_output_safety_factor_consistent_with_per_row
+
+    # #region test_single_lang_output_rows_above_20 [C:2] [TYPE Function]
+    # @BRIEF Single target language with 0.55: max rows ≥ 20.
+    def test_single_lang_output_rows_above_20(self):
+        from src.plugins.translate._token_budget import _compute_max_rows_by_output
+
+        max_rows = _compute_max_rows_by_output(
+            max_output_tokens=16384,
+            num_languages=1,
+        )
+        assert max_rows >= 20, f"Expected ≥20 rows for 1 lang, got {max_rows}"
+    # #endregion test_single_lang_output_rows_above_20
+
+# #endregion TestOutputSafetyFactor
 # #endregion TestTokenBudget
diff --git a/backend/src/plugins/translate/_batch_proc.py b/backend/src/plugins/translate/_batch_proc.py
index 93b81933..e53efe66 100644
--- a/backend/src/plugins/translate/_batch_proc.py
+++ b/backend/src/plugins/translate/_batch_proc.py
@@ -94,13 +94,22 @@ class BatchProcessingService:
             return {**result, "batch_id": bid}
     # #endregion process_batch
 
+    # #region _create_batch [C:2] [TYPE Function] [SEMANTICS translate,batch,create]
+    # @ingroup Translate
+    # @BRIEF Create a TranslationBatch DB record and flush to get its ID.
     def _create_batch(self, run_id, batch_index, batch_rows):
         b = TranslationBatch(id=str(uuid.uuid4()), run_id=run_id, batch_index=batch_index,
                              status="RUNNING", total_records=len(batch_rows), started_at=datetime.now(UTC))
         self.db.add(b)
         self.db.flush()
         return b
+    # #endregion _create_batch
 
+    # #region _check_cache [C:3] [TYPE Function] [SEMANTICS translate,cache,hash,lookup]
+    # @ingroup Translate
+    # @BRIEF Check translation cache for each batch row, attach _cached_lang_values.
+    # @POST Rows with cache hits have _cached_lang_values dict set.
+    # @SIDE_EFFECT Modifies batch_rows in-place. Emits aggregated log.
     def _check_cache(self, job, batch_rows, dict_snapshot_hash, config_hash):
         cache_hits = 0
         for row in batch_rows:
@@ -121,8 +130,11 @@ class BatchProcessingService:
                 "Translation cache hits",
                 {"batch_rows": len(batch_rows), "cache_hits": cache_hits},
             )
+    # #endregion _check_cache
 
-    # ★ Local language detection — replaces LLM-based detection
+    # #region _detect_languages [C:2] [TYPE Function] [SEMANTICS translate,language,detect,lingua]
+    # @ingroup Translate
+    # @BRIEF Run local language detection on all batch rows (no LLM).
     def _detect_languages(self, batch_rows: list[dict], target_languages: list[str]) -> None:
         """Run local language detection on all batch rows (no LLM).
 
@@ -133,7 +145,17 @@ class BatchProcessingService:
         results = batch_detect(texts, target_languages)
         for row, lang in zip(batch_rows, results):
             row["_detected_lang"] = lang
+    # #endregion _detect_languages
 
+    # #region _classify [C:4] [TYPE Function] [SEMANTICS translate,classify,cache,same-lang]
+    # @ingroup Translate
+    # @BRIEF Classify batch rows into pre_rows (no LLM needed) and llm_rows.
+    # @POST Returns (llm_rows, pre_rows). Cached rows go to pre_rows only when
+    #       all non-source target languages are present in cache.
+    # @RATIONALE Non-source tls filtering: tls may include the source language
+    #            (e.g. ["ru","en","fr","zh"]) but cache only has translations
+    #            (en/fr/zh). We exclude detected source language from the
+    #            cache-completeness check via non_source_tls.
     def _classify(self, batch_rows, preview_edits_cache, tls):
         llm_rows, pre_rows = [], []
         tls_lower = [str(t).lower() for t in tls]
@@ -156,9 +178,15 @@ class BatchProcessingService:
                 pre_rows.append(row)
                 continue
             cl = row.get("_cached_lang_values")
-            if cl and all(lc in cl for lc in tls):
-                pre_rows.append(row)
-                continue
+            if cl:
+                # Exclude source language from cache-completeness check:
+                # tls may include the source language (e.g. ["ru","en","fr","zh"])
+                # but cache only contains translations (en/fr/zh), not the source.
+                dl = row.get("_detected_lang") or ""
+                non_source_tls = [lc for lc in tls if str(lc).lower() != str(dl).lower()]
+                if non_source_tls and all(lc in cl for lc in non_source_tls):
+                    pre_rows.append(row)
+                    continue
             if preview_edits_cache:
                 sd = row.get("source_data") or {}
                 if sd:
@@ -175,7 +203,11 @@ class BatchProcessingService:
                       {"tls": tls, "pre": len(pre_rows), "llm": len(llm_rows),
                        "total": len(pre_rows) + len(llm_rows)})
         return llm_rows, pre_rows
+    # #endregion _classify
 
+    # #region _persist_pre [C:3] [TYPE Function] [SEMANTICS translate,persist,record,language]
+    # @ingroup Translate
+    # @BRIEF Persist pre-classified rows as TranslationRecord + TranslationLanguage.
     def _persist_pre(self, pre_rows, bid, run_id, tls):
         count = 0
         for row in pre_rows:
@@ -213,7 +245,11 @@ class BatchProcessingService:
                 ))
             count += 1
         return count
+    # #endregion _persist_pre
 
+    # #region _process_llm [C:4] [TYPE Function] [SEMANTICS translate,llm,call,batch]
+    # @ingroup Translate
+    # @BRIEF Process LLM translation for a batch: estimate budget, call LLM, return results.
     async def _process_llm(self, job, run_id, rows_for_llm, dict_matches, bid, tls):
         # Resolve provider token config (DB values take priority over PROVIDER_DEFAULTS)
         token_config = {"model": None, "context_window": None, "max_output_tokens": None}
@@ -260,9 +296,13 @@ class BatchProcessingService:
             },
         )
         return result
+    # #endregion _process_llm
 
-    # -- Batch insert (delegation) --
+    # #region insert_batch_to_target [C:4] [TYPE Function] [SEMANTICS translate,batch,insert,target]
+    # @ingroup Translate
+    # @BRIEF Insert batch records into the target table via SQL Lab or direct DB.
     async def insert_batch_to_target(self, job: TranslationJob, batch_id: str, run_id: str) -> None:
         await insert_batch_to_target(self.db, self.config_manager, job, batch_id, run_id)
+    # #endregion insert_batch_to_target
 # #endregion BatchProcessingService
 # #endregion BatchProcessingService
diff --git a/frontend/src/lib/components/translate/RunTabContent.svelte b/frontend/src/lib/components/translate/RunTabContent.svelte
index 7907d417..ef4e9b67 100644
--- a/frontend/src/lib/components/translate/RunTabContent.svelte
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/components/translate/RunTabContent.svelte
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
             onclick={() => showPageBulkReplace = true}
             class="px-3 py-1.5 text-xs bg-primary text-white rounded hover:bg-primary-hover transition-colors"
           >
-            {_t.translate?.run?.bulk_replace || 'Bulk Replace'}
+            {_t.translate?.bulk_replace?.bulk_replace_all || _t.translate?.run?.bulk_replace || 'Bulk Replace'}
           </button>
         </div>
         <div class="space-y-3">
diff --git a/frontend/src/lib/components/translate/TranslationRunResult.svelte b/frontend/src/lib/components/translate/TranslationRunResult.svelte
index 24b5b226..2c649fa5 100644
--- a/frontend/src/lib/components/translate/TranslationRunResult.svelte
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/components/translate/TranslationRunResult.svelte
@@ -476,12 +476,6 @@ import { SvelteSet } from "svelte/reactivity";
 										: (_t.translate?.run?.load_more_records || 'Load more') + ' (' + (recordsTotal - records.length) + ')'}
 								</button>
 							{/if}
-							<button
-								onclick={() => showBulkReplace = true}
-								class="px-2.5 py-1 text-xs bg-primary text-white rounded hover:bg-primary-hover transition-colors"
-							>
-								{_t.translate?.run?.bulk_replace || 'Bulk Replace'}
-							</button>
 						</div>
 					</div>
 
diff --git a/frontend/src/lib/i18n/locales/en/translate.json b/frontend/src/lib/i18n/locales/en/translate.json
index d5d52407..edf8a178 100644
--- a/frontend/src/lib/i18n/locales/en/translate.json
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/i18n/locales/en/translate.json
@@ -637,6 +637,7 @@
   },
   "bulk_replace": {
     "title": "Bulk Find & Replace",
+    "bulk_replace_all": "Bulk Replace Across All Runs",
     "close": "Close",
     "find_pattern": "Find pattern",
     "find_placeholder": "Enter text or regex pattern...",
diff --git a/frontend/src/lib/i18n/locales/ru/translate.json b/frontend/src/lib/i18n/locales/ru/translate.json
index 5e4e6f40..84451c21 100644
--- a/frontend/src/lib/i18n/locales/ru/translate.json
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/i18n/locales/ru/translate.json
@@ -638,6 +638,7 @@
   },
   "bulk_replace": {
     "title": "Массовая замена",
+    "bulk_replace_all": "Массовая замена по всем запускам",
     "close": "Закрыть",
     "find_pattern": "Шаблон поиска",
     "find_placeholder": "Введите текст или регулярное выражение...",